青少年强迫症患者及亲属家庭因素的比较分析

COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF FAMILY-RELATED FACTORS OF ADOLESCENTS WITH OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER AND THEIR PARENTS

目的:探索青少年强迫症患者及其亲属的父母教养方式和家庭环境特点及其差异。方法:采用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)和家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)对20例青少年强迫症患者、32例患者父母(为避免混淆,患者父母组称患者亲属组)及25例正常对照者进行比较研究。结果:与正常对照组相比,青少年强迫症组的父母情感温暖、理解较少,惩罚、严厉、拒绝、否认较多(P<0.05),患者在家庭中感受到的亲密度、道德宗教观、组织性较少,矛盾性和控制性较多(P<0.05);强迫症亲属组的父母过分干涉和过度保护较正常对照组少(P<0.05),家庭环境各因子与正常对照组无明显差异(P>0.05)。青少年强迫症组与强迫症亲属组相比,患者的父母的过分干涉、过度保护、拒绝、否认、惩罚、严厉及偏爱较多,母亲的温暖、理解较少(P<0.05);患者感受到的家庭亲密度、情感表达、组织性较少,矛盾性和控制性较多(P<0.05)。结论:青少年强迫症患者存在不良的父母教养方式和家庭环境,这些不良的家庭相关因素可能是父母与患者之间双向作用的结果。

Objective：To explore the parental rearing pattern and family environment of adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder （OCD） and their parents.Methods：Twenty adolescents with OCD,32 their parents and 25 normal controls were investigated with Egna Minnenav Barndoms Uppfostran （EMBU） and Family Environment Scale Chinese Version （FES CV）.Results：Compared with normal controls,the EMBU factor scores of parental emotional warmth and FES-CV factor scores of cohesion,moral-religious emphasis and organization in adolescents with OCD were lower,while the EMBU factor scores of parental punishment and rejection,FES CV factor scores of conflict and control were higher （P 〈0.05）.Compared with normal controls,the EMBU factor scores of parental overprotection and overinvolvement in relatives of patients were lower （P 〈0.05）,no significant difference was found in FES CV factor scores between the two groups （P 〉0.05）.The adolescents with OCD reported significantly higher scores of parental overprotection,overinvolvement,rejection,punishment,favoring subject and lower scores of mother emotional warmth in EMBU and than their relatives （P 〈0.05）.Patients also showed less cohesion,expressiveness,organization and more conflict and control assessed by FES CV than their relatives （P 〈0.05）.Conclusion：There are problematic parental rearing pattern and family environment of adolescents with OCD.These family factors may be the results of interaction between parents and OCD patients.