中枢性嗜眠症

Hypersomnia of central origin

中枢性嗜眠症是在排除呼吸相关的睡眠障碍、生理节律紊乱及夜间睡眠干扰等因素后,以日间睡眠增多为首要主诉的睡眠异常。它包括发作性睡病、特发性嗜眠症、复发性嗜眠症、行为诱发的睡眠不足综合征、疾病状态相关性嗜眠症、药物相关性嗜眠症等多个睡眠障碍类型,不同程度地影响人们的生活质量乃至生命安全。其中绝大多数的发病机制均未明确。药物治疗上多侧重于促醒、兴奋等对症处理,行为治疗尤其对发作性睡病和特发性嗜眠症患者不可或缺。未来对于中枢性嗜眠症的研究需要更加致力于其发病机制以及治疗方法的探索,期待有更大样本的临床研究。

Hypersomnia of central origin,in which the primary complaint is excessive daytime sleep,is a group of sleep disorders including narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, recurrent hypersomnia, behaviorally induced insuffient sleep syndrome, hypersomnia due to medical conditions and hypersomnia due to drug or substance intake. It is not caused by sleep-disordered breathing, misaligned circadian rhythms or disturbed nocturnal sleep, and can influence the quality and safety of life in certain degrees. The treatment for hypersomnia of central origin focus on stimulants and waking-promoting agents targeting at symptom improvement simply, for its pathogenesis is still unclear. Moreover, behavioral management can also make a significant impact, espacially for narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia. In the futrue, the research of hypersomnia of central origin needs to struggle for the exploration of the pathogenesis and therapy, expecting more large sample clinical researchs .