江汉平原冷浸田水稻种植适宜性综合评价

Suitability Assessment of Cold Spring Paddy Soil for Rice Planting in Jianghan Plain

冷浸田是影响江汉平原农业生产及农作物高产的主要因素之一。本文根据江汉平原冷浸田的特点,采用"状态-压力-响应-行动"与"社会-经济-环境"相结合的综合研究方法,构建了江汉平原冷浸田水稻种植适宜性综合评价指标体系,共分为立地条件、土壤理化性质、土壤养分状况、社会经济效益4个一级指标和14个二级指标,并建立了相应的计算方法,同时采用层次分析法对江汉平原冷浸田水稻种植进行了适宜性评价与分区。结果表明:江汉平原共有冷浸田约9 640km2,最适宜级别占10.5%,适宜级别占41.1%,次适宜级别为31.2%,不适宜级别占17.2%。此外,对不适宜于水稻种植的冷浸田分析了其主要影响因素,并提出了相关的改造治理措施。

Cold spring paddy soil is one of the main factors of the agricultural production in Jianghan Plain. According to the characteristics of cold spring paddy soil, this paper uses the comprehensive research meth- od,which combines the ＂state-pressure response-action＂ with ＂society-economy-environment＂. It proposes a suitability evaluation index framework of cold spring paddy soil for rice planting with site conditions, soil physical and chemical properties, soil nutrient status and social and economic benefits as the first-level inde- xes which contain 14 secondary indexes. This research establishes the corresponding calculation method and employs analytic hierarchy process （AHP） to accomplish the suitability assessment and zoning of cold spring paddy soil. The suitability assessment zoning result depicts that the total area of cold spring paddy soil in Jianghan Plain is about 9 640 km2 ,the area with the most appropriate level is about 10.5% and the area with the appropriate level is about 41.1% ,while the area with the less suitable level is about 31.2% and the area with the inappropriate level is only 17.2%. As for the unsuitable cold spring paddy soil for rice cultivation, the paper analyses its main influence factors and puts forward some reform measures.