榆林学院校区生活饮用水中重金属污染物的健康风险评估

Health risk assessment of heavy metal pollutants of drinking water in Yulin University campus

对榆林学院校区生活饮用水水源和管网末梢水中Cr6+、Cd、As、Pb、Hg、Cu、Zn和Fe 8种重金属进行了测定,其浓度均低于《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)。并根据美国国家环保局推荐的健康风险评估模型对其通过饮用水途径所引起的健康风险做了初步评估,数据显示,致癌物质(Cr6+、Cd和As)所引起的健康风险远大于非致癌物质(Pb、Hg、Cu、Zn和Fe)所引起的健康风险,其优先控制顺序为Cr6+>Cd>As>Zn>Cu>Pb>Hg>Fe。结果表明,榆林学院校区生活饮用水中重金属污染物对人体健康产生的个人年总风险均已超过国际防辐射委员会规定的可接受健康风险水平5×10-5/a,主要贡献者是Cr6+,应引起相关部门的重视,也是优先治理的指标。

The source of drinking water and tap water in the Yulin University campus were applied to mo-nitor and evaluate eight kinds of heavy metals which are Cr6 ＋ ,Cd,As,Pb,Hg,Cu,Zn and Fe and it re-veals that the concentration of them were lower than the“drinking water health standards”（GB 5749-2006）. A preliminary health risk assessment of the risk caused by drinking water has been done,based on the health risk assessment model recommended by USA Environmental Protection Agency. The data showed that the health risk of carcinogenic substances（Cr6 ＋ ,Cd and As）were much larger than that of non carcinogenic substances（Pb,Hg,Cu,Zn and Fe）,so the priority control sequence should be Cr6 ＋ ﹥Cd ﹥ As ﹥ Zn ﹥ Cu ﹥ Pb ﹥ Hg. The result shows that human health of personal annual risk caused by the heavy metal pollutants in drinking water from the campus of Yulin University has exceeded the acceptable health risk level of 5 × 10 - 5 / a which is established by the Radiation Protection Committee. Cr6 ＋ is the main contribution,and should cause the attention of the relevant departments,also is the priority govern-ance indicators.