肺炎支原体感染诱发小儿哮喘53例临床分析

Clinical analysis on 53 cases of mycoplasma pneumonia infection induced infantile asthma

目的：分析肺炎支原体感染诱发小儿哮喘的临床特点。方法将我院在2012年6月~2013年6月收治的53例肺炎支原体感染引起的哮喘患儿作为观察组，另选取同期收治的50例非肺炎支原体感染哮喘患儿作为对照组。对两组患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果观察组患儿的发热、肺部炎症发生率均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）；对照组患儿的喘息持续时间为（10.5±4.2）d；观察组为（4.5±2.1）d，组间比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；观察组的肺部炎症、肺部啰音、哮鸣音、间质性肺炎、支气管肺炎的发生率均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。治疗3d内，观察组的喘息控制率显著高于对照组（P〈0.05），住院时间显著长于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论与普通哮喘相比，肺炎支原体感染所引起的小儿哮喘具有不同的临床特征，应用支气管扩张剂、皮质激素联合大环内酯类抗生素进行吸入治疗具有确切疗效。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of mycoplasma pneumonia infection induced infantile asthma. Methods Fifty-three pediatric patients with asthma induced by mycoplasma pneumonia infection admitted and treated in our hospital from Jun 2012 to Jun 2013 were assigned to the observation group and 50 children with asthma not induced by mycoplasma pneumonia infection admitted and treated in our hospital in the same period were assigned to the control group. Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients in both groups. Results The observation group had significantly higher incidence of fever and pulmonary inflammation than the control group （P〈0.05）. The duration of wheeze in the control group and the observation group was（10.5±4.2） d and （4.5±2.1） d respec-tively, with statistical significance （P〈0.05）. The observation group had significantly higher incidence of pulmonary in-flammation, pulmonary rale, wheezing rale, interstitial pneumonia and bronchopneumonia than the control group （P〈0.05）. The observation group had higher percentage of wheeze control than the control group within 3d after treatment（P〈0.05）. The observation group had significantly longer hospital stay than the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumonia infection induced infantile asthma has different clinical characteristics from ordinary asthma. Inhalation therapy of bronchodilators, cortical hormone combined with macrolide antibiotics demonstrates significant efficacy.