试论生态旅游环境问题的类型及其产生原因

Types and reasons of ecotourism environmental problems

生态旅游正在以可持续发展旅游的形式之一蓬勃发展 ,极大地促进了旅游地的生态环境的保育 ,然而也会产生一些生态旅游环境问题 ,按其成因可分为原生生态旅游环境问题、次生生态旅游环境问题、社会生态旅游环境问题 ,按其影响程度可分为生态旅游环境破坏、生态旅游环境退化、生态旅游环境不协调等。生态旅游环境问题的产生既有与一般旅游环境相同之处 ,也有不同之处 ,主要有思想意识、管理体制、主观决策、旅游经营者和管理者的行为、旅游者行为以及其它产业发展等方面的原因。将生态旅游环境问题进行分类 ,分析生态旅游环境问题产生的原因将有助于生态旅游的健康稳妥地发展 ,促进旅游可持续发展。

As one form of sustainable tourism activities,ecotourism develops vigorously and promotes the protection of ecological environment in tourism destination. However,it gives rise to some environmental problems. Classifying these problems,analysing their causes of formation will help and promote tourism and ecotourism to well develop. According to the cause of formation,these problems can be classified into primary,secondary and social one. By their impact degree to environment,we classfy them into ecotourism environmental destruction,decay and discoordination. There are similarities and differences between the causes of formation of the ecotourism environmental problems and the ordinary ones. The main differences are ideology. Administrative system, subjective making-decision, behaviors of tourists and managers, the ecotourism itself development,ect.