保护性耕作对温室气体排放和经济成本的影响——以山东滕州和兖州为例

Influences of Conservation Tillage on Greenhouse Gas Emission and Economic Cost——A Case Study of Tengzhou and Yanzhou in Shandong Province

保护性耕作的基本措施是秸秆还田和少免耕。本研究调查了山东省滕州和兖州保护性耕作的推广现状,估算了不同保耕形式对温室气体净减排和经济成本的影响。结果表明:秸秆还田和耕地方式关系密切,在增加玉米秸秆还田量时,农户会选择增加耕地次数和强度;在玉米秸秆全部焚烧和采取传统耕地条件下,农田温室气体排放为318 kgC/(hm2·a),而在全部还田结合免耕条件下,可以吸收和固定1 459 kgCe/(hm2·a),表明此时的农田是温室气体的吸收汇,而且此时成本较全部还田+传统耕地的成本下降了32%,为1 050 CNY/(hm2·a)。这些结果表明,全部还田+免耕是一项经济且环境友好的保护性耕作方式。

Straw returning and minimum and no-till are fundamental practices of conservation tillage. In this study,the implement status of conservation tillage in Tengzhou and Yanzhou were investigated,and the influences of conservation tillage on greenhouse gas （GHG）emission and economic cost were estimated.The results showed that straw returning and tillage method were closely related to GHG emission and economic cost.In traditional tillage,with the increase of straw returning amount,the tillage times and strength increased. The GHG emission was 318 kgC/（hm2·a）under all corn straw burned combined with traditional tillage.How-ever,under all straw returning with no -till,the amount of carbon absorption and sequestration reached to 1 459 kgC/（hm2·a）,and the cost was 1 050 CNY/（hm2·a）,declined by 32% than that of all straw retur-ning with traditional tillage.In conclusion,all straw returning with no-till was a more economic and environ-ment-friendly conservation tillage type.