深圳市龙岗区人群华支睾吸虫感染现状及健康干预对策

Study of current status of clonorchis sinensis infection and health intervention strategies among occupational groups in Longgang District of Shenzhen

目的 了解深圳市龙岗区人群华支睾吸虫感染现状和流行病学特征,为制定防治策略提供依据.方法 采用整群抽样方法对不同职业人群进行华支睾吸虫血清学检测和知识行为问卷调查.结果 共调查1 141名居民,检出血清华支睾吸虫IgG抗体阳性90例,感染率为7.89％,男性为9.93％,女性为5.82％,差异有统计学意义（x2=6.632,P=0.010）;31～40岁年龄组感染率最高（9.59％）;机关干部感染率最高（14.02％）,商服人员感染率最低（4.17％）,不同职业间感染率差异有统计学意义（x2=24.886,P=0.000）;机关干部和本地企业人群华支睾吸虫感染途径、健康危害和预防措施的知晓率明显高于商服人群和劳务工,且家庭生熟砧板分开行为率较高,但不吃未煮熟鱼类的健康行为形成率低于商服人群和劳务工人群;检出感染的人群防制知识知晓率和健康行为形成率都稍低于总体水平.结论 龙岗区人群华支睾吸虫感染有上升趋势,应广泛宣传食源性寄生虫病防治知识,继续倡导健康饮食行为.

Objective To investigate current status of Clonorchis sinensis infection and study its epidemiological characteristics among occupational groups in Longgang District of Shenzhen;to provide scientific basis for making intervention strategies. Methods Questionaire-based survey on clonorchiasis sinensis related knowledge and behaviors together with serum analysis were conducted for subjects among different occupational populations selected by stratified cluster sampling method.ResultsA total of 1 141residents were investigated,in which 90were positive for IgG against Clonorchis sinensis;infection rate was 7.89%.Infection rate was 9.93%for males and 5.82% for females,with significant differences（χ2= 6.632,P=0.010）. Subjects aged 31~40showed highest infection rate（9.59%）.Government officers showed highest infection rate（14.02%）, while business service staffs demonstrated lowest infection rate（4.17%）;significant difference was observed for infection rates among different occupational groups（χ2=24.886,P=0.000）.Compared to business service staffs and manual workers,government officers and local industrial workers showed higher awareness rates of infection routes、health hazards,prevention measures,their behavior rates of separating cutting boards for raw and cooked food was also higher;however,they displayed lower behavior rate for healthy behaviors such as not eating undercooked fish.Awareness rates and healthy behaviors rates in groups with positive infection cases was lower than overall levels.Conclusion Infection of Clonorchiasis showed an increasing trend in Longgang district.Health education on the knowledge of prevention and control of food-borne parasitic diseases should be strengthened and healthy eating behaviors should be advocated.