江苏省中老年居民骨质疏松知识和相关行为调查

Investigation of osteoporosis related knowledge awareness and its related behaviors among middle and elderly residents in Jiangsu province

目的 了解江苏省中老年居民预防骨质疏松健康知识现状及相关行为情况,为开展社区骨质疏松健康教育工作提供参考依据.方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,用自行设计的问卷对5 537名社区中老年居民进行问卷调查.结果 居民骨质疏松相关知识的知晓率较低,对骨质疏松的表现、易患人群、有助于预防骨质疏松的膳食、绝经后妇女和老年人每日钙摄入推荐量的知晓率依次为6.23％、1.61％、3.16％和2.98％.知识得分40～49岁组得分高于50～59岁和60～69岁组,差异有统计学意义;男性得分略高于女性;文化程度越高,得分越高;脑力劳动者得分高于体力劳动者（P均＜0.01）.居民中与骨质疏松相关不良饮食习惯和缺少运动的比例较高.结论 社区中老年居民骨质疏松相关知识知晓率有待提高,应将老年人、妇女、低学历人群和体力劳动者作为开展骨质疏松健康教育的重点人群.

Objective To investigate current situation of osteoporosis related knowledge awareness and behaviors among middle and elderly residents;to provide basis for promoting comprehensive health education for osteoporosis in local communities.Methods Multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a self-designed questionnaire-based survey involving 5 537middle and elderly residents in local communities.Results Residentsosteoporosis related knowledge awareness rate was low.Awareness rate of clinical manifestations of osteoporosis,high risk populations,helpful diet to prevent osteoporosis,recommended acceptable daily intake of calcium for postmenopausal women and the elderly was 6.23%,1.61%, 3.16%and 2.98%,respectively.Knowledge score of subjects aged 40~49was higher than that aged 50~59and 60~69,with significant difference;male scored slightly higher than female;score increased with education level;mental workers had higher scores than manual workers（all P0.01）.Ratio of middle and elderly community residents associated with poor diet patterns and lack of physical exercises was high.Conclusion Osteoporosis related knowledge awareness rate of middle and elderly residents in local communities should be strengthened.Elderly residents,females,low educated residents and manual workers should be designated as target populations.