免耕套稻种植模式的节水效能研究

Study on Water-saving Efficiency of No-Tillage Rice Planting Mode

针对水稻常规种植用水量大与我国水资源紧缺的矛盾,围绕节水栽培,以机插稻作为对照,研究共生套稻、套直播稻这两种免耕套稻种植模式的节水效能。结果表明,与耕耙作业的机插稻大田相比,免耕套稻减少灌溉次数44.4%,节省灌溉用水1/3,其中,共生套稻节水135.88 m3/亩,套直播稻节水170.37 m3/亩;免耕套稻全生育期耗水量比机插稻减少20.2%,平均日减少水分蒸发和流失24.4%,其日耗水量差异主要在大田分蘖期,机插稻日耗水量达10.99 mm,而免耕套稻平均日耗水量为8 mm左右,减少27.3%。

According to the conventional rice planting large water consumption and the shortage of China＇s water resources,the water saving cultivation, by machine transplanting rice as the control, study on water saving efficiency of direct seeding rice, symbiotic rice the two no-till rice planting mode.The results show that, compared with the tillage operation machine transplanting rice field, no-till cropping rice reduced irrigation frequency about 44.4% ;saved irrigation water about 1/3, among them, symbiotic set of rice water saving 135.88 m3/mu, direct seeding rice water saving 170.37 m3/mu; no-till set of rice planting water consumption in the whole growth period is less than machine transplanting rice by 20.2%, the average daily reduction of water evaporation and loss of 24.4% ; daily water consumption differences are mainly in the field of machine transplanting rice tilling stage,the daily water consumption of up to 10.99 mm, and no tillage cropping rice with average daily water consumption of about 8 ram,reduced by 27.3%.