海南地区高血压病患者健康相关生命质量及影响因素调查

A Study on the Quality of Life and Influencing Factors in Patients with Hypertension in Hainan Area

目的了解海南地区高血压病患者的健康相关生命质量,并探讨其影响因素。方法以2012年3月—2013年2月在解放军总医院海南分院进行健康查体的海南地区居民为调查对象,应用自行设计的健康调查问卷及世界卫生组织制定的生命质量测定量表(中文版)进行一般情况、高血压病病史及健康相关生命质量调查。对检出的高血压病患者(高血压病组)与非高血压病患者(非高血压病组)进行相关项目的对比分析,同时对高血压病患者生命质量的影响因素进行多元线性回归分析。结果共收回有效问卷2215份,检出高血压病513例,高血压病患病率为23.2%。与非高血压病组比较,高血压病组年龄大、男性构成比高(P<0.05),两组文化程度和职业差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高血压病组生理功能、心理功能和社会关系领域及总体生命质量得分低于非高血压病组(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、职业是总体生命质量的危险因素,文化程度是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论海南地区高血压病患者生命质量受多种因素影响,在海南地区高血压病防治中应充分运用生命质量这一指标,并根据影响因素,从生理、心理和社会生活等方面有针对性地实施干预。

Objective To analyze the quality of life and investigate the influencing factors of patients with hyper-tension in Hainan province. Methods Residents undergoing physical examinations during March 2012 and February 2013 in Hainan were recruited in this survey, and general conditions, hypertensive disease history and health related quality of life （ QOL） were investigated with a self-made questionnaire and the Chinese Version of the World Health Or-ganization Quality of Life Assessment （ WHOQOL-BREF ） . Related factors were compared between hypertension group and non-hypertension group, and the multivariate linear regression analysis was performed for QOL influencing factors in hypertension group. Results There were 513 hypertension patients reported in 2215 eligible questionnaires, and the prevalence rate of hypertension was 23. 2%. Patients with hypertension were more likely to be older in age and male in gender compared with people without hypertension （P〈0. 05）, and the differences in education and occupation between the two groups were statistically significant （P〈0. 05）. The scores of physiological function,psychological function, so-cial function and overall quality of life in hypertension group were lower than those in non- hypertension group （ P 〈0. 05）. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age and occupation had negative influences on quality of life, but better education had positive influence （ P〈0. 05 ） . Conclusion The quality of life in patients with hypertension may be affected by many factors in Hainan, so it is necessary to use the QOL index in prevention and treatment of hyper-tension, and directed intervention measures should be taken according to the influencing factors of physiological, psycho-logical and social functions in patients with hypertension.