国内外老年人健康不平等影响因素研究综述

A review on health inequality and related factors of the global elderly

老龄化的不断加剧引起了人们对老年人健康状况的广泛关注。老年人是社会中的弱势人群,其躯体健康和精神健康状况不佳不仅影响老年人的主观幸福感,还会给家庭、社会带来沉重的负担。大量的研究发现,老年人的健康不平等现象在各国普遍存在,老年人在性别、年龄、婚姻、社会经济地位和社会资本等方面的差异是导致这一现象的可能原因。本文通过文献复习,对这些影响因素进行了综述。今后的研究应该综合利用横向和纵向数据,因地制宜地选择合适的指标和数理模型,分析各个因素及其交互作用对健康不平等的作用机制,为促进老年人的整体健康水平提供参考借鉴。

The rapidly aging population has attracted extensive attention to the health of elderly people .The elderly are a vulnerable group in society .Their adverse physical and mental health not only affects their own well-be-ing but also brings a heavy burden on families and society .Numerous studies have found that health inequality of the elderly is a problem throughout the world, and differences in gender, age, marital status, socioeconomic status, and social capital among the elderly are all contributing factors .This paper summarizes these factors through a literature review.We suggest that cross-sectional and longitudinal data should be combined and suitable indicators and mathe -matical models to Chinese conditions should be established in order to analyze the mechanisms of various factors and their effects on health inequality and serve as a reference for promoting the overall health of the elderly .