大蒜素对3种蔬菜种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响

Effect of Allicin on Seed Viability and Seedling Growth of Three Kinds of Vegetable

采用浸种法和叶面喷雾法,研究不同浓度大蒜素对白菜、萝卜和莴笋种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,大蒜素浸种对白菜、萝卜和莴笋种子发芽有一定的影响,不同作物和品种间存在差异。大蒜素200 mg/L浸种12 h对萝卜和莴笋种子发芽无不良影响,但可延缓白菜种子发芽,降低种子发芽势和发芽指数,对最终发芽率无影响。400和800 mg/L浸种12 h可延缓白菜、萝卜种子发芽和降低种子发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数,其活力随处理浓度的提高而下降,白菜和萝卜的最终发芽率显著降低,而对莴笋最终发芽率无影响。200 mg/L浸种对白菜苗鲜重、根鲜重、下胚轴宽有显著的促进作用,400和800 mg/L处理的促进作用不显著,品种间存在较大差异,幼苗主根和下胚轴长度均随处理浓度的提高而缩短。200和400 mg/L处理能促进萝卜种子出苗,对幼苗鲜重、根鲜重和下胚轴宽有显著的促进作用,而对幼苗主根和下胚轴生长均有抑制作用,800 mg/L处理对萝卜种子出苗有明显的抑制作用。大蒜素200-800 mg/L浸种能促进莴笋种子出苗,对幼苗鲜重、根鲜重及下胚轴粗均有显著促进作用,而对幼苗主根长、下胚轴长有明显的抑制作用。大蒜素200-800 mg/L叶面喷施对3种蔬菜幼苗生长均有明显的促进作用,主要表现在幼苗鲜重和根鲜重提高、株高和下胚轴宽增加,而对主根长有明显的抑制作用,不同浓度处理间差异不显著。

The effects of allicin at different concentrations on seed germination and seedling growth of Chinesecabbage, radish and lettuce were investigated using seed soaking and foliar spraying methods. Results showedthat allicin had some effects on seed germination of cabbage, radish and lettuce by soaking method, there weredifferences between crops and varieties. Allicin at the concentration of 200 mg/L soaked for 12 hours had noadverse effects on seed germination of radish and lettuce, but could delay seed germination of cabbage, reduceseed germination energy and germination index, had no effect on final germination rate. Allicin at theconcentrations of 400 and 800 mg/L soaked for 12 hours could delay seed germination of cabbage and radish,and reduce its seed germination rates, germination energies and germination indexes, which its activitydecreased with increased concentration. Then, the final germination rates of cabbage and radish weresignificantly reduced, but no effects on final germination of lettuce occurred. Allicin had significant promotingeffects on seedling fresh weight, root fresh weight and hypocotyl width of cabbage at the concentrations of200 mg/L soaked for 12 hours, had no significant promoting effects on those at the concentrations of 400 and800 mg/L, but there were a significant difference between varieties, seedling main root and hypocotyl lengthshortened with increased concentration. Allicin could significantly promote seed germination, seedling freshweight, root fresh weight and hypocotyl width of radish, significantly inhibited its main root and hypocotylgrowth at the concentrations of 200 and 400 mg/L soaked, and significantly inhibited the seed germination ofradish at the concentrations of 800 mg/L soaked. Allicin at the concentrations of 200 to 800 mg/L soaked couldpromote seed germination, seedling fresh weight, root fresh weight and hypocotyl width of lettuce, and hadobvious inhibitory effect on main root and hypocotyl length. Allicin at the concentrations of 200 to 800 mg/Lsprayed had obvious promoting effect on seedling growth of 3 kinds of vegetable, mainly in the seedling freshweight and root fresh weight increased, plant height and hypocotyl width increased, and had obvious inhibitoryeffect on main root growth, but there was not significant difference between different concentrations.