山东省规模化奶牛场结核病与副结核病流行病学调查研究

Epidemiological Investigation of Large-scale Dairy Farm on Tuberculosis and Paratuberculosis in Shandong Province

近年来,随着中国奶业的快速发展,奶牛结核与副结核病越来越严重地威胁到行业的健康发展,牛结核与副结核病的防控也日益受到重视。缺乏牛结核与副结核病流行病学数据及有效的疫苗是中国控制牛结核与副结核病的最大障碍。由此本试验利用牛型提纯结核菌素、提纯副结核菌素对牛群进行皮内变态反应试验,筛选出阳性牛和可疑牛,以进一步开展γ-干扰素释放试验,从而对山东省规模化奶牛场逐步开展分子流行病学调查。2010-2012年共随机抽检了山东省不同地区的1678头样本。结果表明,牛结核与副结核病的阳性率从2010年的35.42%和29.34%下降至2012年的25%和14.93%。这说明,通过系统的监测及无害化处理阳性牛、隔离可疑牛等措施能够使牛群结核与副结核病逐步得到控制,进而实现净化。

Along with the rapid development of dairy industry in China, bovine tuberculosis was becoming more and more serious threat to dairy industry. Thus, prevention and control of bovine tuberculosis attracted much more attention nowadays. However, lack of the epidemic data and effective vaccine of tuberculosis posed the greatest obstacle to control bovine tuberculosis in China. Therefore, Dairy herds were intracutaneous inoculated the purified tuberculin and purified paratuberculine and detected by interferon gamma release assay to carry out allergy for a survey of bovine tuberculosis and bovine paratuberculosis in Shandong Province. From 2010 to 2012, we randomly detected 1678 cows in different areas of Shandoug Province. The results showed that bovine tuberculosis and paratuberculosis positive rates of herds were reduced from 35.42% and 29.34% in 2010 to 25% and 14.93% in 2012, respectively. It indicated that the tuberculosis and paratuberculosis can be controlled and even purified by monitoring dairy herds, treating positive cows innocuously and isolating suspected cows.