农户玉米收获环节采用机械化的影响因素分析——基于山东省的实证研究

Factors Analysis on Producers' Application of Mechanized Maize Harvesting——Based on Empirical Research of Shandong Province

为了解当前玉米机械化收获现状,以山东省玉米种植户为研究对象,运用二元Logistic模型分析影响农户是否采用玉米机械化收获的因素,并用Ordered Probit模型分析影响农户玉米机械化收获程度的因素。研究表明:户主文化程度、信息获取、非农收入比重、玉米种植规模、作业效果感知、政府补贴等对农户是否采用机械化收获玉米具有显著的积极影响,而耕地细碎化程度和自然灾害等则具有显著的抑制作用;在已经采用机械化方式收获玉米的农户中,信息获取、非农收入比重、玉米种植规模、作业效果感知等对采用机械化收获的程度具有明显的正向效应。这表明,加快促进土地合理流转、扩大机械化的宣传、有效利用政策补贴工具、积极进行农业机械革新等措施可以促进更多农户采用机械化方式收获玉米。

Based on sample data of maize producers in Shandong Province, the author focused on the determinants of farmers＇ adoption of mechanized maize harvesting with binary Logistic modeling, an Ordered Probit model was further applied to analyze factors affecting the degree what farmers applied machines to harvest maize. The results showed that： education level, information acquiring ability, proportion of nonagricultural income, planting scale, perceived effectiveness and the subsidy of government were significantly positive with the adoption of maize mechanized harvesting, whereas land fragmentation and serious natural disasters had significant negative effect on it. Among all the farmers who had adopted mechanized harvesting, factors like the frequency of information acquiring, proportion of non-agricultural income, planting scale and perceived effectiveness were significantly positive with the extent of farmers＇ using of machines while harvesting. The author suggested that accelerate the promotion of reasonable land transfer, expand the publication of mechanization, effectively use the subsidy policy tools and actively carry out agricultural mechanization innovation can improve the adoption of mechanized maize harvesting among farmers.