甘蓝型油菜DH群体若干数量性状的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits with Doubled Haploid in Brassica napus L.

为了研究甘蓝型油菜DH群体包括株高、分枝高度、一次有效分枝数、主花序长度,主花序角果数,生物产量,经济产量以及千粒重等数量性状间的遗传关系。通过对DH群体及亲本若干数量性状的表型分析、偏相关分析、遗传力和最少基因对数估计以及基因间互作方式分析。结果表明:分枝高度、主花序长度、主花序角果数和单株生物产量偏向于父本,而一次有效分枝数偏向于母本。株高、经济产量和千粒重则表现为超亲遗传。多数性状之间存在极显著正相关,但是分枝高度与一次有效分枝数,主花序长度与一次有效分枝数,主花序角果数与一次有效分枝数间均呈极显著负相关。分枝高度遗传力最高为83.31%,千粒重遗传力最低为60.9%。对各性状遗传力以及偏度系数和峰度系数的估算表明,控制各性状的最少基因对数分别为13.8、12、23、12.5、24.7、20.9、11.1和13.8对。控制株高和分枝高度的基因间没有互作;控制一次有效分枝数基因间存在互补作用;控制主花序角果数、生物产量和千粒重基因间可能存在互补作用;控制主花序长度和经济产量的基因间可能存在重叠作用。

The aim was to research genetic relationship of quantitative traits with doubled haploid populations in Brassica napus L.. These quantitative traits included plant height, branch height, first effective branch number, main inflorescence pod number, biological yield, economic yield and thousand seed weight. Through phenotypic analysis, partial correlation analysis, heritability, the least gene pairs estimate and gene interactions to analyze quantitative traits data of DH group and its parents. The results showed that： branch height, main raceme length, pods number of main raceme and single plant biological yield were partial to male parent, but the first effective branch number were partial to female parent. Plant height, economic yield and thousand seed weight were transgressive inheritance. Majority character showed extremely significant positive correlation, but between branch height and first effective branch number, main raceme length and the first effective branchnumber, pods number of main raceme and the first effective branch number showed extremely significant negative correlation. The maximum of branch height heritability was 83.31% and the minimum of thousand seed weight heritability was 60.9%. According to estimated coefficients of skewness and kurtosis of the traits tested, the least gene pairs of controlling each character was13.8, 12, 23, 12.5, 24.7, 20.9, 11.1 and 13.8,respectively. The gene of control plant height and branch height were not interaction; gene of control first effective branch number existed interaction effect. There could be gene interaction were found for the pod number of main raceme, biological yield and thousand seed weight. The duplicate interaction was observed for the length of main raceme and economic yield.