论西班牙语景况补语的句法功能和特征

On Syntactic Function and Characteristics of Spanish Situational Complement

"景况补语"是传统语法的提法,现代不少语法流派中也借鉴了这个术语。不过为了和国际接轨,现在国内一些教材和语法书开始采用"状语"这一术语来替代"景况补语",但又未对其进行详细讲解。这导致目前国内众多西语学习者、甚至教学者对景况补语感到极度陌生,以为景况补语和汉语中的状语是一回事。本文分析了景况补语的句法功能,论述了其语义类型、构成材料和在句中的位置等特征,由此说明景况补语和状语之间不能完全划上等号。

The situational complement is a traditional grammatical term ; however, it is also introduced into various modem grammar schools. To keep pace with international practices, at present some domestic textbooks and grammar books began to replace＂ situational complement＂ with ＂adverbial＂. But their failure to give detailed explanations on it leads numerous domestic Spanish learners or even teaching staff to become extremely unfamiliar with this term. In their opinion, the situa- tional complement is functionally equal to Chinese adverbial. This paper analyses the syntactic functions of the situational complement and discusses its semantic categories, its constituents and its positions in sentences, in an effort to prove the situational complement is not completely equal to Chinese adverbial.