隋释彦琮《辩正论》“八备”与翻译

Translation of “Bābèi”in the Treatise On Right Way by Monk Yan Cong in Sui Dynasty

隋释彦琮所作《辩正论》被学界公认为中国历史上第一篇系统的翻译专论。文中的"八备"为古代佛典译者应具备的八个条件,是历代研究者关注的焦点,近代之后逐步出现了各种译文。笔者发现,原文的"法"、"志愿益人"、"践觉场"、"牢戒足"、"不染讥恶"、"不苦闇滞"、"道术"和"不坠彼学"都是翻译"八备"的关键词语和难点,也是各家翻译的分歧所在。上述关键点有的是佛教术语,有的涉及汉语字词的训诂,有的要注意具体语境的考察和紧贴语境。此外,"八备"言简意赅,无论今译还是英译都要准确达意,不遗漏原意。

The treatise On Right Way by Monk Yan Cong （557 -610）, the major translation theorist in Sui Dynasty, was the first in the history of Chinese translation theory. ＂Babei＂ proposed in the treatise has been recognized by the scholars related as the 8 Prerequisites for a sutra translator of the author＇ s times. In Modern China the scholars of different fields have translated ＂Babei＂ intralingually and interlingually. It has been found that the differences in their translations are highlighting at least 8 transferring key points ： dharma, for enlightenment, starting to observe rule of abstinence, not being infected with worldly 8 winds and wickedness, all. methods and skills. In the paper different major translations of ＂Babei＂ are listed and compared, the 8 key points are analyzed in their specific contexts semantically, whose right senses have been sorted out. Finally the writer＇ s latest translations have been disclosed in both intralingual and interlingual ways.