明代咏物民歌和谜语的比较研究

Comparative Research on Object-chanting Folk Songs and Riddles in the Ming Dynasty

明代的咏物民歌和谜语联系紧密,在形式上,二者都是有韵的诗歌体,当表现对象时,二者都常用双关拟人等手法,具有隐实示虚的特点。明代咏物民歌和谜语如此相似,但二者作为不同的文学体裁,除歌唱与否外还有一个很大的差别:咏物民歌能更好地抒发个人感情和思绪,常用来自娱,而谜语则更多满足了人们难人、斗智、好胜的心理,常用以娱众。在长期发展过程中,二者偶然会有交叉,即谜歌。

The object-chanting folk songs and riddles in Ming Dynasty are closely linked. They are both poetry with rhyme, and they often used pun and metaphor. Moreover, they share the same words or sentences. However, there are some differences between the object-chanting folk song and riddle in Ming Dynasty. The object-chanting folk songs are personal entertainment, which can express personal feeling and thoughts, while, riddles are popular entertainment, which meet our intelligence contest and emulative psychology. In the long-term development, riddle-song appeared.