阳离子型水性聚氨酯的合成及工艺研究

Study on the Synthesis and Process of Cationic Waterborne Polyurethane

以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯（TDI）,聚四氢呋喃醚二醇（PTMG）为主要原料,以1,4-丁烯二醇为小分子扩链剂,N-甲基二乙醇胺（MDEA）为亲水性扩链剂,用丙酮法制备了聚醚型阳离子水性聚氨酯乳液.研究了反应条件对乳液和胶膜性能的影响,结果表明,当预聚n（-NCO）/n（-OH）比为3.0、反应温度75～80℃、反应时间3h,N-甲基二乙醇胺用量占树脂总量的6％ ～ 7％时乳液和胶膜性能最好,并通过红外图谱对胶膜进行了表征.

The cationic waterborne polyurethane was synthesized by means of acetone process and using toluene-2, 4-diisocyanate （TDI）, polytetrahydrofuran glycol （PTMG） as main raw materials, 2-butene-1, 4-diol as small molecule ehain extender, N-methyl diethanolamine （MDEA） as hydrophilic chain- extender. The influence factors sucb as reaction process conditions for synthesizing waterborne poly urethane were discussed. The results showed that the optimum conditions of the reaction were as follows： the ratio of n（-NCO）/n（-OH） was 3：1, the reaction temperature for preparing prepolymer was 75- 80℃ and reaction lime was 3 hours, the mass fraction of MDEA was 6%-7%. The cationic waterborne polyurethane obtained had the best storage stability and comprehensive performance, and its film was characterized by FI-TR.