粉尘、噪声和高温联合作用对小鼠运动及抗疲劳能力的影响

Influence of combined effect of dust,noise and high-temperature on the movement function and anti-fatigue ability of mice

目的了解石雕作业中粉尘、噪声、高温的联合作用对小鼠运动及抗疲劳能力的影响。方法测定石雕作业现场中职业病危害因素。将小鼠随机分为对照组和低、中、高3个剂量组,分别予以不同时间的粉尘、噪声、高温暴露。暴露结束后,对小鼠进行负重游泳实验、耐缺氧实验,测定小鼠血清中尿素氮（BUN）浓度、血糖浓度。结果石雕作业中产生的粉尘浓度为34.00-125.33 mg/m^3,呼吸性粉尘的构成比为75.2%-78.9%,噪声强度按laeq（8 h）计为90.0-104.0 dB（A）,作业现场平均环境温度为32.0-32.7℃。与对照组比较,实验组游泳时间及耐缺氧时间明显缩短,血糖浓度明显下降、血清中BUN浓度明显升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,且高剂量组变化更明显。结论石雕作业中的粉尘、噪声及高温的危害较为严重,可降低小鼠的运动和抗疲劳能力。

[Objective]To understand the influence of combined effect of dust,noise and high-temperature in stone carving work on the movement function and anti-fatigue ability of mice. [Methods] The occupational hazard factors of stone curving work were measured. The mice were randomly divided into control group and study groups： low-dose group,middle-dose group and high-dose group. All the study groups were exposed in the dust,noise and high-temperature with different duration. After the exposure,the loaded swimming experiment and hypoxia tolerance test were conducted,the concentration of serum BUN and blood glucose were tested. [Results]The concentrations of dusk in the course of stone carving was 34. 00-125. 33 mg / m^3,the constituent ratio of respirable dust was 75. 2%-78. 9%,the noise in Laeq（ 8） was 90. 0-104. 0 dB（ A）,and the average temperature of worksite was 32. 0-32. 7 ℃. Compared with the control group,the swimming time and hypoxia tolerance time of mice in study groups shortened significantly,the concentrations of blood glucose decreased significantly,and the concentration of serum BUN increased significantly（ P〈 0.05,P〈 0.01）,and the changes were more obvious in the high-dose group. [Conclusion] The hazards of dust,noise and high-temperature of stone carving work are serious,which can reduce the movement function and anti-fatigue ability of mice.