以问题为中心建立护生评判性思维模式的探索

Exploration of Using a Question-centered Approach to Improving Nursing Students' Critical Thinking Skill

目的:探讨以问题为中心的训练方法在护生临床实习前综合训练中对评判性思维的促进效果。方法:采用抽签法在2010级护生中随机选择4个班级,并随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组124人,对照组123人。观察组采用以问题为中心的训练方法,对照组采用常规训练方法。两组学生均于训练前后进行评判性思维特质测量表问卷调查,统计得分,分析统计学差异。结果:训练结束后的评判性思维特质测量中,寻找真相、开放思想、分析能力、求知欲、认知成熟度几项的得分,观察组均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其自身前后评判性思维特质测量中,寻找真相、开放思想、分析能力、求知欲、认知成熟度、评判性思维的自信心几项的得分改变也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:以问题为中心的训练方法能明显提高护生的评判性思维能力,应引起护理教育者的重视。

Objective： To explore the promoting effects of question-centered critical thinking approach in the com- prehensive training for the nursing students before their nursing practice. Methods： The students of four classes in Grade 2010 were randomly chosen and divided into two groups, 124 students in the observation group and 123 in the control group. The question-centered critical thinking approach was adopted to the observation group, while the normal training approach for the control group. The survey questionnaires for critical thinking characteristic were conducted before and after the training in two groups. The scores were counted and the statistical differences were analyzed. Results ： The scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group in the terms of the search for truth, open mind, analysis ability, appetite for knowledge and cognitive maturity. There was significant difference （P 〈 0.05 ） after the end of training through the students/evaluation themselves. As far as the critical thinking characteristics themselves were concerned, the scores of those above as well as confidence were also changed with statistically significant difference （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： The question-centered critical thinking approach can evidently improve critical thinking ability for nursing students. The nursing educators should pay more attention to it.