兔眼蓝莓花冠形态对着果率和果实性状的影响

Effects of Corolla Morphology on Fruit Set and Fruit Characters of Rabbiteye Blueberry

以"粉蓝""蒂芙蓝""杰兔"与"芭尔德温"等4个兔眼蓝莓品种为试材,调查了花冠口径、花冠长度、花冠宽度、药孔到柱头的距离和柱头到花冠口的距离等5个花冠数量性状指标,及果实横径、纵径、单果重、可溶性固形物与种子数等果实性状和着果率,在此基础上探讨了着果率与果实性状和花冠形态特征之间的相关性。研究结果表明,4个品种间的花冠形态特征、果实性状与着果率均具有显著差异,着果率或果实性状与花冠形态特征各指标之间的相关性呈多样化。其中值得关注的是着果率与单果重和花冠口径,可溶性固形物含量和药孔到柱头的距离在0.01水平上均呈显著正相关,其相关系数分别为0.818、0.918和0.922,这表明花冠口径与药孔到柱头的距离是影响蓝莓实现优质高产的两个重要花冠形态指标。

In this study,the morphological characteristics of corolla and fruit characters,including corolla aperture,corolla length,corolla width,the distance from anther aperture to stigma and the distance from stigma to corolla aperture,fruit set,fruit diameter,longitudinal diameter,single fruit weight,soluble solid content and seed number per fruit,were investigated in four rabbiteye blueberry cultivars,‘Powderblue’‘Tifblue’‘Premier’and‘Baldwin’,in order to elucidate the correlation between fruit set rate and fruit characters and morphological characteristics of corolla.The results showed that there was significant difference among the 4cultivars in morphological characteristics of corolla,fruit characters and fruit set.There was a diversity of correlation between fruit set rate and fruit characters and morphological characteristics of corolla.It was notable that there was significant positive correlation between fruit set rate and single fruit weight and corolla aperture,soluble solid content and the distance from anther aperture to stigma at 0.01level,and the correlation coefficient was 0.818,0.918and 0.922,respectively.The aforementioned results showed that the corolla aperture and the distance from anther aperture to stigma were the two important indexes of morphological characteristics of corolla,which affected the quality and yield of rabbiteye blueberry.