GDM孕妇妊娠压力、应对方式与心理健康的相关分析

The correlation analysis of stress,coping style and mental health among GDM women

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)孕妇妊娠压力与个人应对方式及心理健康之间的关系。方法将280例GDM孕妇作为病例组,220例正常孕妇作为对照组,采用妊娠压力量表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)及医学应对方式问卷调查,分析三者之间的关系。结果除"人际关系敏感因子"外,病例组孕妇(SCL-90)表各因子平均分、总分高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01);病例组妊娠压力因子"为确保母子健康和安全而引发的压力感"高于对照组(t=5.53,P<0.01);与常模比较,GDM孕妇应对方式因子"回避"和"屈服"维度得分病例组低于对照组(t=12.211与9.537,P<0.01)。GDM孕妇心理健康与妊娠压力之间存在负相关(W=-0.581,P<0.01),与应对方式之间存在正相关(W=0.218,P<0.01)。结论 GDM孕妇比正常孕妇更易出现躯体和心理方面的症状,应给予GDM患者主动、持续、个体化的集关爱与综合干预一体的临床诊治,以提高GDM孕妇的心理健康水平。

Objective To explore the relationship between pregnancy stress, coping style and mental health level in gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） women. Methods A total of 280 GDM and 220 normal pregnant women were investigated with the Pregnancy Pressure Scale, Symptom Check List （SCL- 90） and Medical Coping Mode Questionnaire, the relationship among the three were analyzed. Results In addition to the interpersonal sensitivity factor, the SCL- 90 total scores and the factor scores had significant difference between GDM pregnant women and norm （P〈0. 01） ; The stress factor ＂caused to ensure maternal and child health and safety pressure＂ was significantly higher in GDM group than in the control group （t=5.53, P〈0. 01） ; Compared with the norm, GDM pregnant women＇s coping factor ＂avoidance＂ and ＂yield＂ dimension scores were significantly lower （t= 12. 211 and 9. 537, P〈0. 01）; The level of mental health of GDM women was negatively correlated with the pregnancy stress level （t= 12. 211 与 9. 537, P〈0. 01） and had significant positive correlation with coping style （W=- 0. 581, P〈0. 01）. Conclusions GDM women is more likely to have psychological symptoms than the average person. GDM patients should be given sustained, individual clinical care and intervention to raise their level of mental health.