粤北两类钨矿的成矿时代--以棉土窝和禾尚田为例

Metallogenic Epoch of the Two Types of Tungsten Ore Deposits:A Case Study of the Miantuwo and Heshangtian Deposits in Northern Guangdong

粤北地区广泛分布着石英脉型钨锡多金属矿床,根据围岩的差异可分为两类:一类以南雄县棉土窝钨矿床为代表,该矿床以寒武系砂岩地层、中粗粒花岗岩为成矿岩体围岩,以细粒花岗岩为成矿岩体,锆石U-Pb法测得细粒花岗岩的成岩年龄为153.82±0.96 Ma和146.95±0.84 Ma,辉钼矿Re-Os等时线法测得矿床的成矿年龄为150.5±1.4 Ma,黑云母Ar-Ar等时线法测得成矿年龄为151.0±1.2 Ma,从而得出棉土窝钨矿床的成矿时代为晚侏罗世,同时由于前人测得中粗粒花岗岩的年龄为230±2.3 Ma,属印支期,证明了印支期花岗岩也可作为石英脉型钨矿的围岩;另一类石英脉型钨矿床以乐昌禾尚田为代表。该矿床以泥盆系灰岩为围岩,Ar-Ar法测得其成矿年龄为161.1±1.1 Ma,证明其成矿时代也为晚侏罗世。这两类实例证明了粤北地区钨矿床与晚侏罗世侵入岩关系密切,印支期花岗岩与泥盆系灰岩中也可赋矿,这对该地区寻找类似钨矿床有重要的指导意义。

There are many quartz vein-type tungsten polymetallic ore deposits in northern Guangdong which can be divided into two types according to their wall rocks. One type of the ore deposits is hosted in the Cambrian sandstones and coarse-grained granite while the tungsten polymetallic mineralization is closely related to the fine-grained granite, which is represented by the Miantuwo tungsten deposit. The age of fine-grain granite is dated to be 146.95±0.84 Ma/153.82±0.96 Ma, using zircon U-Pb method, while the molybdenite Re-Os isochrone and biotite Ar-Ar isochrone are 150.5±1.4 Ma and 151.0±1.2 Ma respectively, and thus the Miantuwo deposit was formed in the Late Jurassic. The other type of the ore deposits is hosted in the Devonian limestones with the Heshangtian tungsten deposit as a representative. The after type of ore deposits is different from the one aforementioned. 39Ar/40Ar dating of the micas from the Heshantian deposit shows that the mineralization age is 161.1±1.1 Ma, i.e., the deposit was also formed in the Late Jurassic. That is the quartz vein tungsten ore deposits in northern Guangdong are closely related to the Late Jurassic granites. Indosinian granites and the Devonian limestones can be the country rocks of the ore veins in northern Guangdong, and therefore, attentions should be paid to above two types of country rocks in the future explorations.