耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌分子分型研究进展

Molecular typing of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A technical review

近年来,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌在全世界各地感染率和分离率不断提高,已成为目前院内感染的重要病原菌之一。运用有效、可靠、廉价的分子分型方法对分析耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的流行病学特征及来源,对制定控制院感及流行的措施非常重要的。本研究概述了各种分子分型方法的原理及比较,如SCCmec分型、脉冲场凝胶电泳分型、多位点序列分型、葡萄球菌A蛋白分型和毒力因子分型等。脉冲场凝胶电泳仍然是暴发流行中MRSA分子分型的金标准,而其他分型方法更适合用于检测菌株的变异和建立国际监测。

In recent years, the infection and separation rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is rising in many parts of the world, and the pathogen has become one of the important pathogenic bacteria of nosocomial infection. The use of effective, reliable and cheap molecular classification methods to analyze the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus is very important and useful to formulate measures to control nosocomial infection. This article summarizes the principles and comparison of various molecular classification methods, such as SCCmec typing, pulsed field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, staphylococcus protein A typing and virulence factor typing, etc. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis is still the gold standard of MRSA molecular classification during epidemic outbreak, while other typing methods are more suitable for detecting strain variation and establishment of international monitoring.