复方利多卡因乳膏和盐酸达克罗宁胶浆作为润滑剂对足月新生儿全麻气管插管术喉痉挛的预防作用

Prevention effect of compound lidocaine cream and dyclonine mucilage as lubricant on laryngo-spasm in full-term neonates during general anesthesia of tracheal intubation surgery

目的：观察复方利多卡因乳膏和盐酸达克罗宁胶浆作为润滑剂对足月新生儿全麻气管插管术喉痉挛的预防作用。方法择期行先天性巨结肠根治术的足月新生儿90例，体质量3~4 kg，ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级，性别不限，随机分为三组，每组30例。复方利多卡因乳膏组（ L 组），气管插管前导管前端均匀涂抹复方利多卡因乳膏；盐酸达克罗宁胶浆组（ D 组），气管插管前导管前端均匀涂抹盐酸达克罗宁胶浆；对照组（ C组），其气管导管前端不做处理。观察手术结束时患儿对气管导管的耐受程度及喉痉挛的发生率。结果 L组和 D 组手术结束时新生儿对气管导管耐受程度较 C 组好，喉痉挛的发生率较 C 组明显降低（ P 〈0.05）。结论气管插管前气管导管前端涂抹复方利多卡因乳膏和盐酸达克罗宁胶浆都能降低足月新生儿全麻气管插管术喉痉挛的发生率。

Objective To observe the prevention effect of compound lidocaine cream and dyc-loine mucilage as lubricant on larygospasm in full-term neonates during general anesthesia of tracheal in-tubation surgery. Methods Ninety ASA gradeⅠorⅡ full-term neonates,with body weight of 3 - 4 kg, scheduled for elective megacolon radical operation,were randomly divided into 3 groups（n = 30）：com-pound lidocaine cream（group L）,dyclonine mucilage（group D）and control group（group C）. The front end of tracheal catheters in group L was smeared with compound lidocaine cream uniformly before intuba-tion,and the front end of tracheal catheters in group D was smeared with dyclonine mucilage uniformly be-fore intubation,while the front end of tracheal catheters in group C was smeared with nothing before intuba-tion. At the end of the operation,the tolerance degree to the endotracheal tube and the incidence of laryn-gospasm was observed. Results Neonates in group L and group D were tolerated endotracheal tube better-ly than those in group C. The incidence of laryngospasm were significantly lower in group L and group D when compared with group C（P 〈0. 05）. Conclusions The front end of tracheal catheters smeared with compound lidocaine cream or dyclonine mucilage uniformly before intubation both can reduce the incidence of laryngospasm in full-term neonates during general anesthesia of tracheal intubation surgery.