加气灌溉对温室番茄生长、产量及品质的影响

Impact of aerated subsurface irrigation to growth,yield and quality of greenhouse tomato

本试验目地是探明加气灌溉不同灌水量和加气灌水频率对温室番茄生长、产量和品质的影响,为实际生产应用奠定基础。采用温室小区对照试验,设置3个不同作物-皿系数Kcp(Kcp=0.8、Kcp=1.0、Kcp=1.2)和2个加气灌水频率(1次/3d、1次/6d)共组成6个处理,均以对应的不加气灌溉为对照,比较不同处理对番茄植株生长及果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明,在相同的灌溉频率及灌水量下,加气灌溉可以提高番茄的生长量、产量及品质,加气灌溉的番茄株高较不加气灌溉增加1.44%、茎粗增加3.02%、产量增加19.49%;加气灌溉有利于温室番茄茎粗、株高的生长,并且对番茄的产量和品质均有利。加气灌溉处理时,在相同的灌水量条件下,1次/6d较1次/3d的加气灌水频率,株高增加了8.08%,茎粗增加了6.33%,产量增加了26.01%。由此得出:加气灌溉对植株生长量及果实产量和品质的影响明显优于不加气处理;灌水频率为1次/6d且Kcp=1.0的处理最有利于番茄生长量的积累、产量的提高和品质的改善。

The purpose of this experiment was proved the impact of aeration irrigation with different irrigation amount and different aeration irrigation frequency to the growth ,yield and quality of greenhouse tomato ,laid the foundation for the actual production application .Using the small plots for controlled trials in greenhouse ,set three different crop-pan coefficients （Kcp=0 .8 ,Kcp=1 .0 and Kcp=1 .2） and two aeration irrigation frequencies （1 time per 3 days , 1 time per 6 days ） of total six treatments ,all with non-aeration irrigation for contrast ,comparing the impact of different treatments to the tomato growth ,fruit yield and quality .The Results showed that ：Under the same irrigation frequency and irrigation amount ,the tomato growth ,yield and quality can be improved by the aeration irrigation ,the plant height increased 1 .44% ,stem diameter increased 3 .03% ,the yield increased 19 .49% .The aerated irrigation was conducive to stem diameter ,plant height growth of the greenhouse tomato ,also was useful to improve the yield and quality of tomato .When adopted aerated irrigation treatments ,under the condition of same irrigation amount ,irrigation frequency 1 time per 6 days was better than 1 time per 3 days ,the plant height was increased 8 .08% and stem diameter was increased , 6 .33% ,the yield was increased 26 .01% .We can obtain the conclusion that the impact of aerated irrigation on plant growth ,fruit yield and quality was much better than the non-aerated treatment ;irrigation frequency 1 time per 6 days and Kcp=1 .0 was the most useful to the accumulation of the tomato growth ,yield increase and quality improvement .