基于高分辨率遥感影像的滇池湖滨湿地植被类型监测

VEGETATION TYPES MONITORING OF DIANCHI LAKESIDE WETLAND BASED ON HIGH-SPATIAL RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY

利用多源高分辨率遥感影像,结合图像分割与人机交互判实技术,分建设前（2007～2008年）、建设中（2011年）、建设后（2013年）3个时期对滇池湖滨湿地进行植被分布信息提取与面积统计,进而对其演变规律进行分析.结果表明：随着“滇池湖滨生态带工程”的推进,环湖带乔木与灌木、沉浮水植物、草本植物3类湿地群落面积的总和从建设前的120.39 hm2提高至建设中的1747.54 hm2,再到建设后的1868.91 hm2,占总面积的比例分别为5.49％、79.61％和85.14％,湖滨湿地面积显著提升;建设前主要植被类型为作物植被,占总面积的51.98％,建设后缩减至3.87％,逐步演化为自然植被,主要种类为中山杉（Ascendens mucronatum）、芦苇（Phragmites australis）等,群落多样性与景观格局也有了较大改观.

Based on multi -source high -resolution remote sensing imagery, image segmentation and human - computer interaction were combined to extract the distribution of Dianchi lake wetland vegetation types and their area, during three periods of lakeside wetland construction, named earlier stage （2007 to 2008）, middle stage （2011） and later stage （2013） respectively, and then the evolution characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that with the process of the ＂ Dianchi lakeside ecological rehabilitation＂, the total area of trees and shrubs, aquatic plant and herbs, which are the three types of wetland communities, from 120. 39 hm2 in earlier stage, rose to 1 747.54 hm： in middle stage, and further increased to 1 868.91 hm2 in later stage, respectively accounting for 5.49%, 79.61% and 85.14% of total study area, which indicated significant area expending of wetland. As the predominant vegetation type in earlier stage, crop covers were evolved into natural vegetation, with its area reducing to 3.87% in later stage from 51.98% in earlier stage, and dominant species are Ascendens mucronatum, Phragmites australis, etc. Landscape pattern and community diversity had greatly improved.