覆土特性对刺芹侧耳工厂化菌包二次出菇的影响

Effect of Different CasingSoils on Mycelial Growth and Fruit BodyYields Duringthe Secondary Cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii

分别以粘质土、沙质黄壤土、林下土和普通田园土为覆土对刺芹侧耳(Pleurotus eryngii)工厂化生产的废菌包进行二次出菇栽培,对菌丝生长状况和产量进行测定分析,并对覆土材料的理化性状进行检测。结果表明:沙质黄壤土处理的刺芹侧耳菌丝长势好、长速快,子实体产量最高,生物学效率高达44.6%。沙质黄壤土孔隙度为33.04%、持水率为10.8%,均明显优于其余3种覆土,且该覆土材质具有高扬的水分释放曲线,在-17.28kPa水柱牵力下,沙质土的水分释放量高达72mL。沙质黄壤土和林下土的电导率较好,均在530μs/cm以上。4种土样均呈弱碱性,pH值无显著差异。不同覆土材质的有机质含量与二次出菇产量呈正相关,但是氮含量、磷含量和C/N水平与刺芹侧耳产量的关系并不明显。

Four soil types（clay,sandy yellow,forest and garden）were assessed as casing materials in the secondary cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii using bags containing spent mushroom substrate colonized with white,dense and vigorous fungal mycelium.Determination of selected physicochemical properties of the casing materials revealed that sandy yellow soils exhibited the highest water holding capacity（33.04%）,porosity（10.8%）,and water release（72 mL at a water tension value of-17.28 kPa）.Electrical conductivity values of sandy yellow and forest soils were higher than the others although the four samples had similar alkaline pH values.Sandy yellow soil also promoted the highest mycelial growth rates,fruit body yields and biological efficiency（44.6%）.Fruit body yields were directly related to the organic content of the casing soil but not to total carbon,total nitrogen,and readily available phosphorus and potassium levels.