分子诊断技术在弓形虫检测和基因分析中的研究进展

Research progress of molecular diagnostic techniques in the detection and genetic analysis of Toxoplasma gondii

弓形虫是一种专性细胞内寄生的寄生虫,人感染后多呈隐性感染,临床表现缺乏特异性,检测及诊断较为困难.分子诊断是应用分子生物学方法,检测患者体内遗传物质结构或表达水平的变化,继而做出诊断的技术,它为疾病的预防、诊断、治疗和转归提供更为准确的信息.目前,分子诊断技术主要有核酸探针技术、PCR及其衍生技术、环介导等温扩增技术、基因芯片技术等.该文对分子诊断技术在弓形虫中的应用进行综述.

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate,intracellular,parasitic protozoan that causes the disease of toxoplasmosis,which usually is asymptomatic during the infection of human.It is difficult to diagnose the toxoplasmosis due to the low specificity of clinical manifestations.Molecular diagnostic techniques are common methods applied to detect the target gene and the gene expression,providing accurate information for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis.At present,molecular diagnostic techniques mainly include the nucleic acid probe techniques,PCR and its derivative techniques,loop mediated isothermal amplification technology,and gene chip technology.In this paper,the molecular diagnostic technology in the detection and genetic analysis of T.gondii were summarized.