徘徊于我国宪法的两个文本之间——对宪法文本正当性和实用性的检视

Hovering between Two Texts of the Chinese Constitution:Reviewing Legitimacy and Practicality of Constitutional Texts

经过局部修改之后,我国现行宪法呈现出两个文本形态:其一为宪法原文及修正案,其二为宪法修正文本。1988年局部修宪时,我国决定仿效美国,通过宪法修正案来修改宪法。然而,由于中美两国宪法在文本和实践上的巨大差异,我国采用宪法修正案的效果并不理想,宪法修正文本遂得以产生并普及。作为一部成文宪法,我国宪法应当具备唯一确定的文本形态,宪法文本应当兼具充分的正当性与较强的实用性,因此有必要在两个宪法文本间作出选择。选择宪法修正文本是一条更为现实的进路,而选择宪法原文及修正案则有可能进一步发挥宪法修正案的功效。

After being amended, the current constitution in China presents two texts： the first one is the original constitution and the constitutional amendments, and the second one is the amended constitutional text. As a written constitution, the text form of the current constitution should be definite and unique; therefore, there is a necessary choice between the two constitutional texts. It is a practical path to choose the amended constitutional text, but the other choice can brought into better play the advantages of constitutional amendments. In any case, the official constitutional text practical. should be both completely legitimate and relatively practical.