历史与未来:中国与中亚五国双边投资条约准入规则发展研究——以中国的视角

A Study on the Development of the Bilateral Investment Admission Rules between China and the Five Central Asian Countries:From China's Perspective

在国际投资条约中,投资准入是平衡国家经济监管权和开放投资义务之间最重要的砝码。在"符合东道国法律"的基础上,中国与中亚五国间的投资准入规则经历了从外资公平待遇到出现最惠国待遇的发展。以中国的视角,未来中国与中亚五国准入规则的发展将取决于双方的投资经贸关系,中国经济的现状和对未来发展的预期,以及中国在该区域经济政策的取向三大因素。通过中国与中亚五国投资现状以及五国投资市场准入的分析,该地区的投资准入规则,将遵循从"依据东道国法律"接受投资,到准入阶段的最惠国待遇,再到准入阶段的最惠国待遇和国民待遇;从特定部门的准入开放到原则性开放下的部分例外的发展路径。

Within international investment treaties, admission of foreign investment is the most important measure to balance the national economic supervising right and open investment obligations. On the basis of ＂comply with host country laws＂, the investment admission rules between China and the five central Asian countries have experienced a process of development from the fair treatment to the emerging of the most favored nations （MFN） . From China＇s perspective, future development of the investment admission rules will depend on three major factors, including the bilateral investment and trade relations, the status quo of China＇s economy and future expectation, as well as the orientation of the regional economic policy. By analyzing the present investment situation, investment admission rule in the region will follow procedures as from ＂comply with host country laws＂ to MFN and national treatment; from open specific sectors to general open with some exceptions.