析自由主义之为个人主义的意涵

Clarification of Liberalism as Individualism in Meaning

自由主义通常被认为以个人主义作为理论基础,但是个人主义本身就是一个含混不清的术语,这就要求对自由主义在何种意义上之为个人主义加以辨析。否则,围绕自由主义的辩护抑或辩驳都将难免陷入一种裹挟不清的偏颇。应从"本体论——方法论——关于个人特征之事实设定——关于个人权利之价值主张"的逻辑理路来把握自由主义之为个人主义的意涵,它依次宣示了这样一些核心主张,即:个人是第一性的存在;个人的心理、动机和行为是理解社会现象及其本质的钥匙;个人是自然欲望与理性的统一体;个人应当始终作为权利的主体而具有终极的价值。

Liberalism is usually interpreted to be based on biguous, which forces us to clarify liberalism is of individualism. or against, would fall into entangled biases. The issue should be individualism. However, individualism itself is amOtherwise, all arguments on liberalism, whether for grasped according to a logical clue of ＂Ontology - Methodology - Fact Assumption of Individual Characteristics - Value Proposition of Individual Rights＂. It logically declares that individual is of primacy, that his/her psychology, intention and behaviour is the key to understand social appearances and essences, that individual is a unity of natural desire and rationality, that individual should be of ultimate value as the subject of right.