基于中国情境的“关系”研究:一个整合分析

Guanxi in Chinese Context: An Integrated Study

什么是中国情境下的"关系"?企业应该如何利用关系?从内容上来看,中国人关系表现出特定文化的差序格局;从目的上来看,中国人的关系是一种集体主义外表下的个体主义;从时间的维度看,中国人的关系呈现一种长期性。中国情境中关系的特殊之处在于儒家文化、经济制度与结构因素的影响。本文对"关系"概念进行回顾,并比较了该概念与联系、网络、社会资本等概念以及其他情境下类似概念的区别,基于我国文化、政治与经济情境,提出了关系的构建和利用两种观点。本文综合分析了关系的内涵及与企业持续竞争优势的关系,最后提出了未来进一步发展方向。

What does Guanxi refer to in the Chinese context？ What should enterprises do to take advantage of the so-called Guanxi？ In terms of content,Guanxi between Chinese people is characterized by a differential mode of association; in terms of purpose,this interpersonal relationship is actually based on a kind of individualism under the guise of collectivism; and in terms of the duration,it is stable and can last for a long period of time. Guanxi in the Chinese context is special in that it is heavily influenced by its Confucian culture,economical institution,and structural factors. This paper does not only review the concept of Guanxi,but also compares the concept of Guanxi with those of connection, network,social capital and other similar concepts in the Chinese context. It puts forward the idea of constructing and utilizing Guanxi based on the cultural,political and economic situation in China. Finally,after comprehensively analyzing the connotation of Guanxi and its relationship with the sustainable competitive edge gained by enterprises,it points out the direction of further development.