应用地基GPS技术遥感大气柱水汽量的试验研究

TEST AND STUDY OF THE EARTH-BASED GPS TECHNIQUE FOR REMOTE SENSING OF ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITABLE WATER

从理论上分析了 AN(Aske and Nordius)大气柱总水汽量 (W)计算模型的偏差 ,探空试验结果证实了理论分析的结论 .作者经过推导 ,建立了新的 W计算模型 ,与探空方法获得的 W值具有很好的一致性 .1 998年进行了一次“GPS暴雨观测试验”.试验结果发现 :可降雨量的高值时段与降雨过程高度相关 ;大的降雨过程 ,在降雨前 ,可降雨量一般都有一段递增过程 ,在降雨结束过程中 ,可降雨量一般都有一个递减过程 ,在突发暴雨事件发生前往往发生可降雨量突然大幅度递增现象 ;在大暴雨事件发生前 ,存在一个长时间的十分明显的孕育阶段 .

WT5BZ] The deviation of AN (Askne and Nordius) model for calculating PW value has been analyzed theoretically and the conclusion drawn from the theoretical analysis has been confirmed by the results from the sounding test. Through the derivation, a new precipitable Water (PW) calculation model has been established and the calculated results are well consists with the PW values obtained by the sounding method. In 1998, a“GPS Storm Observation Test” was carried out. It has been discovered from the test results that the high value time interval of PW generally has an increasing period before the rainfall and a decreasing period in the process when the rainfall is ended; before the occurrence of a sudden storm event, unexpected large scale increase of PW often occurs; before the occurrence of a large storm event, there is a very clear pregnancy period lasting for a long time.