反相乳液聚合法合成淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺的工艺研究

Synthesis of Starch-Acrylamide Copolymer Using Inverse Emulsion Polymerization

研究以玉米淀粉为原料,反相乳液体系中淀粉与丙烯酰胺接枝共聚反应规律。考察引发剂浓度、乳化剂用量、丙烯酰胺单体与玉米淀粉质量比接枝共聚反应的影响。通过单因素实验,获得最佳工艺条件:引发剂浓度为6mmol/L,乳化剂用量5%,丙烯酰胺单体与玉米淀粉的质量比为1.5∶1。在此条件下,可制备得到单体转化率95.46%、接枝效率88.12%、特性粘度410 mL/g的接枝共聚物,该接枝物比相对分子质量500万的聚丙烯酰胺的絮凝性能更好,在用量为25 mg/L时,对高岭土水样的浊度去除率达到88.6%。

The inverse emulsion copolymerization of starch and acrylamide using ceric ammonium nitrate（CAN） as initiator was studied. The factors of polymerization to graft eopolymerization reaction were discussed and the floccu- lating property of the copolymer product was determined using aqueous suspension of kaolin. The optimum conditions were that concentration of initiator was 6mmol/L, the amount of emulsifier was 5 %, m （acrylamide） ： m （cornstarch） was 1.5： 1. Under these conditions, starch - acrylamide copolymer could be prepared, and the monomer conversion, grafting eficiency and intrinsic viscosity were 95.46% ,88.12% and 410 mL/g,respectively. The graft copolymer has better flocculation effect. When the graft copolymer flocculant was 25 mg/L, the removal rate of turbidity was up to 88.6%.