肝硬化患者术后感染的危险因素及干预措施

Analysis of Risk Factors and Interventions on the Infection of Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

目的:感染是肝硬化患者肝移植术后常见的并发症之一,影响患者的治疗效果和生存质量。本文针对肝硬化患者术后感染的危险因素进行分析,探讨有效的干预措施以提高临床疗效,为肝硬化术后并发症的预防提供可借鉴的方法。方法:对2008年10月-2013年9月在我院接受手术治疗的120例肝硬化患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据术后并发症的发生情况选择其中60例发生感染的患者作为感染组,另外60例未发生感染的患者作为对照组。观察两组患者的年龄、肝硬化分期及用药情况等,对比不同的干预措施产生的临床效果。结果:感染组患者的平均年龄、肝功能障碍、抗生素使用量及术前合并感染的比率均显著高于正常对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者进行针对性的护理干预均获得良好的治疗效果,未发生死亡病例。结论:患者的年龄、肝功能分级、用药及合并症等均为肝硬化术后感染的危险因素,临床中应实施针对性的干预措施以提高疗效。

Objective： Infection is a common complication brought by the liver transplantation which has the side effects on the recovery and life quality of patients with liver cirrhosis. This article aims to analyze the risk factors and interventions on the infection of patients with liver cirrhosis so as to make a reference for clinical prevention of the complications after liver transplantation. Methods： A retrospective analysis was performed about the clinical data of 120 patients with liver cirrhosis who were taken the operation of liver transplantation in our hospital from October 2008 to September 2013. According to the incidence of complications, sixty patients with infection were defined as the study group, while the others were the control group. Then the general data, the liver function and the medication of patients were observed, and the clinical effects of patients with different interventions were compared and analyzed between two groups. Results： The average age, the preoperative liver function, the medication and the rate of other infections of patients in the study group were higher than those of the control group with statistically significant differences（P〈0.05）. The patients in the two groups have got better clinical efficacy by the proper interventions with no death. Conclusions： It is suggested that the risk factors of the postoperative infection in patients with cirrhosis might be the age, the hepatosis, the unreasonable medication and other complications. Therefore, a targeted intervention should be applied to improving the clinical effects and the life quality of patients.