移动导体和电介质情况下的静电能公式推导

Derivation of electrostatic energy formula in the case of moving conductor and dielectric

为了证明复杂带电系统的静电能与系统的建立过程无关,从库仑定律出发,运用数学方法,推导了以任意方式搬运自由电荷、导体和电介质时静电场做的功,得到普遍情况下的静电能公式.结果表明:对于线性电介质,静电能只与带电系统的最终分布状态有关.该结论为求解静电力的虚位移法提供了重要的理论依据.

In order to prove independence of the electrostatic energy of complex system on the process of establishing the system, we apply mathematical method to derive the work done by the electrostatic field according to the Coulomb＇ s law for carrying free charge,conductor and dielectric in any way. The formula of electrostatic energy is obtained. The result shows that the electrostatic energy of linear dielectric only depends on the final distribution of the system. The conclusion provides the important theoretical basis for the imaginary displacement method of solving the electrostatic force.