螺旋天线步进电机控制系统仿真及运行曲线优化

Simulation of helical antenna stepper motor control system and optimization of running curve

为实现机械相控阵列天线的波束扫描,采用步进电机驱动螺旋天线单元转动来达到预定的辐射相位。为了优化步进电机的开环控制,研究运行曲线对步进电机控制性能的影响,提高步进电机控制速度和精度。根据步进电机及控制系统的工作原理,建立了基于Simulink的步进电机开环控制系统仿真模型,并在此基础上对梯形和抛物线两种运行曲线进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,该仿真模型能精确实现两种运行曲线对步进电机的控制,在100 ms的控制周期内,采用梯形运行曲线步进电机的最大无失步转动角度能够达到270°,而采用抛物线运行曲线时其转动角度能够达到360°,抛物线运行曲线在开环控制系统中具有更高的控制速度。

In order to achieve beam scanning of mechanical phased array antenna,the stepper motor is adopted to drive a helical antenna element to rotate to a predetermined radiation phase.In order to optimize the open-loop control strategy of stepper,and improve the control speed and accuracy,the influence of running curve on the stepper motor control performance was studied.According to operating principle of stepper motor control system,a simulation model of stepper motor open-loop control system was constituted based on Simulink,and on this basis,the two trapezoidal and parabolic running curves were simulated.The simulation results show that,the control of running curve to the stepper motor was achieved accurately in the simulation model.Using trapezoidal running curve in the control cycle of 100 ms,the maximum rotation angle of the stepper motor can reach 270°.Using parabolic running curve,the maximum rotation angle of the stepper motor can reach 360°.Parabolic running curve has better control velocity in open-loop control system.