社会问题还是宗教情结?——论莱辛剧本《犹太人》对传统种族价值的颠覆

A Social Issue or a Religious Complex?——The Subversion of Traditional Ethnic Values by Lessing's Drama Die Juden

文章对莱辛的早期剧本《犹太人》进行文本细读,探讨剧本所反映的宗教问题。一方面展现社会问题与宗教情结的复杂纠葛关系,另一方面充分肯定莱辛此剧挑战传统种族价值观念的重要思想史意义。同时,进一步将问题的探讨追溯到问题的宗教根源层面,即欧洲社会问题实质为基督教vs.犹太教。如何处理好这两种宗教关系,乃是亘古有之、至今未结的根本性问题。

The present essay offers a close textual reading of Ephraim Lessing’s script-Die J uden -and probes the religious issues represented in it,unfolding,on one hand,the complicated clashes and relations between social problems and religious complexes and,on the other,affirming fully and positively the important meaning of ideological history as shown in Lessing’s challenging traditional ethnical values in the script.Furthermore,the exploration of the issue is dated back to the level of religious source of the issue,i.e.the essential European social issue being that of Christianity vs. Judaism.How to handle the relations between the two religions has remained unsolved and radical problems since the ancient times.