不同基因型甜叶菊光合生理特性与产量品质比较

Comparative Study on Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Different Genotypes of Stevia Rebaudiana

为了筛选适宜甘肃河西绿洲灌区种植的甜叶菊及高光效育种材料,对引进的14个不同基因型甜叶菊种质资源光合生理特性、产量和甜菊醇糖苷含量进行差异性分析。结果表明,不同基因型甜叶菊整个生育期光合速率(photosynthetic rate,Pn)、蒸腾速率(transpiration rate,Tr)、气孔导度(stomata conductance,Gs)变化均呈"低-高-低"的单峰曲线,且峰值都出现在现蕾期。各次测定表明各基因型间Pn、Tr和Gs与干叶产量、甜菊醇糖苷含量具有一定的相关性。HX-2和ZY-0911两个基因型光合速率和干叶产量均较高,分别较平均值提高9.18%、8.66%和6.41%、9.68%。基因型间甜菊醇糖苷含量差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01),BY-0915-2和ZY-0911甜菊醇糖苷含量最高,分别为15.33%和14.30%,较平均增加31.31%和22.49%。综合分析得出,甘肃河西绿洲灌区要引种高光效甜叶菊进行栽培或作为育种亲本时,应首选引自安徽的8(ZY-0911)。

In order to select the suitable Stevia rebaudiana for planting and high photosynthetic efficiency of germplasm materials for breeding in Hexi Oasis Irrigation District,14 different genotypes of Stevia rebaudiana was introduced to analysis the differences of photosynthetic physiological characteristics,yield and steviol glycosides content. The results showed that the variation of photosynthetic rate（ Pn） 、transpcration rate（ Tr） 、stomata conductance（ Gs） was single-peak curve of ＂low-high-low ＂ on the whole growth period,and the peak value appeared in the squaring stage. Each determination result showed that Pn,Tr and Gs had certain correlation with dry leaf yield and steviol glycosides. the photosynthetic rate and yield of HX- 2 and ZY- 0911 were higher than the other,which were increased by 9. 18%, 8. 66% and 6. 41%,9. 68% with the average respectively. The differences of steviol glycosides content of genotypes reached a significant level（ P〈0. 01）,the steviol glycosides content of BY- 0915- 2 and ZY- 0911 were highest, reached 15. 33% and 14. 30%,and increased by 31. 31% and 22. 49% with the average. The comprehensive analysis shows that if Stevia rebaudiana genotypes from other parts of the country were introduced into Gansu Hexi Oasis as fieldgrown or parent material for hybrid breeding,8（ ZY- 0911） should be the first choice which introduced from Anhui.