鄯善国社会性质再议

More about Social Nature of Shanshan State

传统史料对鄯善国的记载绝少,所幸20世纪初以来新疆地区出土的仆去卢文文书中含有丰富的史料,可弥补史书记载之不足。从中可以看出,当时在鄯善国内已经形成了以国王为首的地主阶级,他们向耕种自己土地的农民或农奴收取地租,农民或农奴是鄯善国最基本的劳动生产者,说明魏晋时期的鄯善国已经迈入了封建社会的门槛。同时还应看到,当时鄯善国社会还保留着一定的奴隶制残余,存在着"奴仆"和"私属",从仆去卢文文书看,这部分人一般不参加生产劳动,具体劳动性质不详。

Traditional historical material contains few records about Shanshan state. Fortunately, kharosthi document unearthed in Xinjiang since early 20th century has contained abundant historical material to make up for inadequate record in history book. In can be seen that landlord class had formed headed by king, who collected land rent from peasants or serfs who tilled land;peasants or serfs were the most basic labors of Shanshan state, indicating that Shanshan state had come into feudal society during the Wei and Jin periods. It can also be seen that Shanshan state still retained some traces of slavery as well as ＂slave servant＂ and ＂private estate＂. Judging from kharosthi document, this part of people don＇t participate in production, with detailed labor nature unknown.