民主度量的模式、困境及其反思

Reflection on the Modes and Dilemmas of Democratic Measurement

西方政治学研究中存在单一参数和综合参数两种民主度量模式,前者以选举界定民主,秉持民主与专制的二分法;后者则坚持自由民主概念,以综合参数构建量化民主模型。以此两种民主概念推进民主化都存在问题,要么陷于困境,要么遭遇适应性障碍,其根源在于民主的普世性与特殊性之间的张力。鉴于民主选举化的危险及民主自由化的不适,我们需要摆脱西方话语对民主的垄断,争夺民主话语权,基于微观视角的过程民主可能会是一个有意义的探索方向。

There are two main modes of democratic measurement in west political research： single parameters and comprehensive parameters, the former mode definite democracy by election based on the dichotomy of democracy and autocracy, the latter mode insists the concept of freedom and democracy and build an qualitative democracy mode based on comprehensive parameter. Carrying on democracy by the two concepts will face problems of getting a country into dilemmas or bringing adjustment obstacles for a country, which originate from the tension of universality and particularity of democracy. In view of the risks of electoral democratization and discomfort of liberal democratization, it is essential to get rid of the monopolization of western discourse on democracy and fight for the discourse right on democracy. Process democracy, from the microcosmic perspective, maybe a meaningful exploration.