后工业化进程中社会治理责任承担的新路径

The New Approach for Undertaking Social Governance Responsibilities in the Process of Post-industrialization

在人类社会中,不平等和差异性分属于两个不同的范畴:一个是由制度缺陷造成的人们在起点、过程及结果上的不平等,这些不平等是可以通过制度设计和治理方式创新加以矫正的;另一个则是因自然因素或社会环境造成的差异性,这种差异性即便人类再努力也无法将之彻底消除,而只能承认和包容它们。当人类社会中的差异性被误读为应得的不平等时,能者统治的思想和原则逐渐生成并统领了整个工业社会的制度安排。而在后工业化进程中生成的社会治理新需求则将治理责任承担的路径指向了在承认和包容差异的基础上的合作关系的建构。这一新路径呼吁一种能够积极建构社会治理合作关系的全新的政府模式,而不是那个支持和建构了竞争关系的管理型政府。

In human society , inequality and difference belong to two different categories： the former is the inequality at the beginning, the process or the result caused by deficiencies of social systems, and these inequalities can be corrected through institutional design and governance innovation; the latter is difference which is due to the natural factors and social environment, it could only be acknowledged and accepted instead of being eliminated however much tried. When differences in human society were mistaken for deserved inequality, the ideas and principles of meritocracy were gradually generated and dominated the institutional arrangements of industrial society. The new demands of social governance emerging in the process of post-industrialization request the new approach for undertaking social governance responsibilities which points to the construction of cooperative relations that was based on the recognition and tolerance of differences. The new approach calls for a new mode of government which can actively construct the cooperative system of social governance, rather than management-oriented government which supports and constructs competitive relationship.