捷克左翼政党的发展演变探析

Analysis on the Evolution of Czech Left-wing Parties

2014年初,由捷克社会民主党领衔的中左翼三党联合政府组阁完毕,这标志着"天鹅绒革命"后捷克左翼政党第三次上台执政。剧变以来的25年中,捷克左翼政党数次起落沉浮,度过了发展演变的四大阶段。作为捷克转型以来活跃于政治舞台的政治力量,左翼政党成为捷克议会两极政党格局中的一极,不仅打破了右翼独霸政坛的局面,而且成为捷克社会转型的积极推动者、社会弱势群体的利益维护者和政治代言人,在捷克社会发展过程中发挥着不可替代的作用。然而,左翼阵营内部两种不同声音的对立,成为制约捷克左翼政党进一步发展的不利因素,也直接影响着捷克政党政治的发展走向。

Early in 2014, the coalition government of three centre-left parties led by Czech Social Democratic Party formed the cabinet, marking that Czech left-wing parties took power for the 3rd time after Velvet Revolution. After some ups and downs, Czech left-wing parties have undergone four stages of evolution in the last 25 years. As an active political power under the Czech new parliamentary democracy, left-wing parties broke the situation that right-wing took a complete monopoly of politics, making itself one important power in the Czech＇s party structure. The left-wing has not only positively promoted social transformation, but become the interest defender and political representative of vulnerable social groups, playing an irreplaceable role in Czech＇s development. However, the opposition of two different opinions in left-wing parties will restrict left wing＇s further development, and influence development tendency of Czech politics as well.