搭建教育和培训的资历互认框架:东盟十国的实践

Constructing Qualifications Framework for Education and Training:Constructing Training:Practice from the Practice the 10 ASEAN Countries

面临全球教育一体化的机遇和挑战,作为亚太地区重要经济体的东南亚国家联盟,多年来致力于搭建东盟教育和培训的资历互认框架,实现东盟十个国家之间各级各类教育和培训的衔接和沟通,增强教育的国际影响力和社会经济的发展。本文旨在描述和分析东盟建立资历参照框架的发展过程和实践尝试,文章主要分为四个部分:第一部分介绍东盟自1995年以来发展资历参照框架的主要事件;第二部分描述东盟资历参照框架中八个层次的资历级别,以及每一级别所需达到的知识、技能、能力和责任感的资历指标,特别阐述了东盟资历参照框架和各国国家资历框架之间的对接关系和质量保证体系;第三部分详细描述东盟资历参照框架中的核心部分职业教育和培训的资历级别、资历指标和质量保证;第四部分讨论建设区域资历参照框架的优势和挑战。最后,作者提出,在我国构建终身学习立交桥中,实现各级各类教育的衔接和沟通,不仅要基于我国的国情,同时要考虑到与国际接轨。

As global education becoming more and more integrated, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN) has been endeavoring to construct qualifications framework(QF) for education and training among the member countries, so as to bridge the different types of education and training, to enhance international influence, and to promote economic development. This study describes and analyzes the development and practice of the ASEAN QF. The study comprises of four sections. Section 1 introduces the key events in developing the ASEAN QF since 1995. Section 2 describes the eight QF levels and their relevant qualifications indexes in knowledge, skills, abilities, and sense of responsibility, with a special focus on elaborating the linking reference of the ASEAN QF to QF in other countries and quality assurance system. Section 3 describes in detail the core qualifications levels for vocational education and training, qualifications indexes and quality assurance. Section 4 discusses the advantages and challenges in constructing a regional qualifications framework. And finally, the authors propose that a Chinese Qualifications Framework should be established according to the national conditions with an orientation to be in line with the international standards.