在全球化环境下重新定义和测量权力

Redefine and Measure Power in Globalization Environment

在西方学术界,伯特兰·罗素、马克思·韦伯和罗伯特·达尔的理论,代表了权力定义方面三个主要的思想流派。西方学术界对权力的研究,正在逐步从"此在的权力"视角向"作为结果的权力"视角转变。在权力测量方面,"此在的权力"视角对应的是对权力发生作用的起点进行存量的、静态的研究;"作为结果的权力"视角对应的是对权力发生作用的过程和终点进行矢量的、动态的研究。通过引入建构主义的观点,强调外部环境对权力发展变化的影响,重新定义全球化环境下的权力,并提出新的测量方法。

This paper comes up with new ways to define and environment. In western academics, this paper argues that the theories measure power in globalization of Bertrand Russell, Max Weber and Robert Dahl represent three main strands of how to define power. Western study of power is shifting from the point of view of ＂power in being＂ to one of ＂power in outcome＂. In terms of measurement, what complies with the view of ＂power in being＂ is that we conduct a stock and static evaluation at the beginning of power projection. On the contrary, ＂power in outcome＂ perspective requires us to conduct a vectorial and dynamic assessment by studying its process and outcome. Besides, this paper adopts a constructed view by stressing the impact of environment on power relationship development.