兔鼻泪道置管术后的病理研究

Pathological studies on lachrymal dilated drainage tube implantation in rabbits

目的:观察逆行泪道置管术后不同时期的兔下段鼻泪管黏膜的病理变化。方法:采用14只新西兰大白兔,一侧鼻泪管制作成鼻泪管阻塞的模型,并行鼻泪道逆行置管术,常规光镜下观察术后2,4,6,8,10,12,14wk下段鼻泪管组织学变化。结果:与对侧鼻泪道相比,泪道逆行置管术后的鼻泪管下段组织,在2,4wk可见炎性细胞,从术后12wk开始,鼻泪管组织切片中开始出现孤立性肉芽肿组织,术后12及14wk的切片中可观察到散在的肉芽肿样组织,从HE切片的对比发现,14wk肉芽肿的大小及其中类上皮细胞和成纤维细胞密度均较12wk要高。结论:鼻泪道硅胶引流管可用于治疗鼻泪道阻塞,但如果留置时间过长(>12wk)会导致引流管留置区域肉芽肿的形成,进行性纤维化,并与周围组织产生粘连,可能引起鼻泪管的再次狭窄及阻塞,造成再次阻塞。

AIM： To observe the pathological changes of the lower segment of nasolacrimal duct mucosa in rabbits at different stages after retrograde lachrymal dilated drainage tube implantation. METHODS： Totally 14 New Zealand rabbits were used in the present study. One side of nasolacrimal duct was obstructed to produce an experimental model and operated the reverse implantation of nasolacrimal duct intubation. Histological changes of the lower segment of nasolacrimal duct mucosa were observed by routine light microscope at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14wk after the operation. RESULTS： Compared with the control side, the group of 2 and 4wk after surgery presented the inflammatory cytokine. The group of 12wk after the operation presented isolated granuloma. Group 12 and 14wk presented scattered granuloma. The size of the granulomas was smaller and the density of epithelioid cell and fibroblast were lower in group 12wk than those in group 14wk by HE and Masson trichrome stain.CONCLUSION： Recurrent Silicone Tube is used to treat nasolacrymal duct obstruction. Nasolacrimal duct can be narrowed and blocked again by granuloma, progressive fibrosis and adhesion of surrounding tissues when tube is in the duct more than 12wk.