哈萨克族食管癌与ABO血型的相关性

Correlation between esophageal cancer and ABO blood groups in the Kazakh population

目的:研究哈萨克族食管癌与ABO血型是否具有相关性,进而在遗传学方面对该病的危险因素进行初步的探讨.方法:收集新疆医科大学第一附属医院、第二附属医院501例哈萨克族食管癌的血型资料,与对照组1088例进行比较,用卡方检验分析两组血型分布的差异性,用相对危险度分析两组血型抗原、抗体的相关性.结果:病例组501例患者血型构成比为A>O>B>A B;对照组1088例血型构成比为O>A>B>AB,经过卡方检验,病例组与对照组的血型分布无统计学差异(P>0.05).哈萨克族食管癌患者的易感性与A型血具有相关性(RR=1.336,95%CI:1.031-1.732,P<0.05),其余三型均无相关性(P>0.05).血浆内含有抗A抗体的血型(B型和O型)有统计学意义(P<0.05),但排除混杂因素后,均无统计学差异(P>0.05).结论:哈萨克族食管癌的发病风险与A型血具有相关性,A型血患食管癌的风险是其他血型的1.336倍.体内含有抗A抗体可能降低患食管癌的风险,但血型抗体与肿瘤的关系有待于进一步研究分析.

AIM： To investigate whether there is a correlation between esophageal cancer and ABO blood groups in the Kazakh population, and to discuss the risk factors for this malignancy. METHODS： Five hundred and one Kazakh patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, and 1088 healthy controls were included in this study. The blood group distri-bution of the two groups was compared using the chi square test, and correlations between esophageal cancer and blood group antigens/ antibodies were investigated by relative risk analysis. RESULTS： In the case group, the blood group distribution was： A 〉 O 〉 B 〉 AB; in the control group, the distribution was： O 〉 A 〉 B 〉 AB. There was no statistical difference in blood group distribution between the two groups （P 〉 0.05）. Susceptibility to esophageal cancer was correlated with blood type A （RR = 1.336, 95%CI： 1.031-1.732, P 〈 0.05）, but not with the other three types （P 〉 0.05 for all）. The presence of anti-A antibody （groups B and O） had a significant correlation with susceptibility to esophageal cancer （P 〈 0.05）, but after excluding the confounding factors, the difference was not statistically significant （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Esophageal cancer risk is associated with blood type A, and the risk of esophageal cancer in persons with blood type A is 1.336 times that in those with other blood types. The presence of anti-A antibody may reduce the risk of esophageal cancer, but this finding needs to be further confirmed.